Electricity prices for non-household consumers
This indicator tracks non-household retail electricity prices in the EU, US, UK and Japan. It gives an idea of energy costs and cost-competitiveness, especially for those industries where electricity prices make up a significant proportion of total energy costs.
Non-household retail electricity prices in the EU are calculated using Eurostat data, broken down into two consumption bands. Prices are measured in EUR per kWh, excluding value added tax and other duties that companies can recover.
The IC consumption band refers to medium-sized consumers with an annual consumption of between 500 MWh and 2 000 MWh, i.e. the vast majority of small-sized enterprises in services and manufacturing sectors, and gives an insight into affordability.
The ID consumption band refers to large-sized consumers with an annual consumption of between 2 000 MWh and 20 000 MWh, such as in electricity-intensive manufacturing sectors, and gives an insight into international competitiveness.
Source: Eurostat NRG_PC_205 (2025). International prices are reported for the US, the UK and Japan, using data from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA), the UK Department for Energy Security and Net Zero (DESNZ) and the International Energy Agency (IEA).
Electrification
This indicator tracks the share of society’s total (gross final) energy consumption that is met by electricity, rather than direct combustion of a fuel, which is still the dominating source of energy running vehicle engines, industrial processes and heating buildings. Gross final energy consumption is the total energy consumed by end users, such as households, industry, and agriculture and transport.
Source: Eurostat (2023) nrg_bal_c
Zero-emission electricity production
This indicator measures the share of zero-emission electricity production (with no direct C02 emissions) in EU countries. It adds together electricity generated from hydropower, nuclear energy, wind, solar and biofuels.
Source: European Commission, DG ENER. ‘Energy data sheets: EU countries’ (2023)
Share of energy from renewable sources
This indicator tracks the share of energy from renewable sources as a share of the total (gross final) energy consumption in the EU, US, UK, Japan and China.
Source: Eurostat (2023) nrg_ind_ren, JRC (2023).
Annual installation of renewable electricity
This indicator measures the annually added capacity (in GW) to generate renewable electricity. The objective refers to yearly capacity needed in the next 5 years to reach the 2030 renewable energy target. Solar capacity additions are presented in AC (alternating current) as this reflects the maximum power that can be delivered to the electricity grid at any given time. In cases where primary sources (e.g. industry reports) report solar capacity in DC (direct current) these values are downscaled to AC using a factor of 1.2.
Source: European Commission (2024).
Deployment of charging infrastructure
This indicator measures the total number of publicly accessible charging points for electric vehicles in the EU, covering both normal and fast chargers. It also measures the average power output in kW per charging point in the EU.
Source: European Alternative Fuels Observatory, EAFO (2025).
Circular material use rate
This indicator measures the degree of the economy’s circularity by looking at the rate of use of secondary materials as share of the overall material demand. Secondary raw materials, replacing primary materials in the economy, reduce pressures on primary resources and limit waste. A higher rate indicates a higher degree of circularity.
Source: Eurostat (2024) env_ac_cur
Resource productivity
This indicator measures resource productivity, expressed as the economic output generated (GDP at constant prices) per unit of materials consumed. This consumption is measured in terms of domestic material consumption, which is the weight of materials (in kilograms) extracted or harvested in the country, plus imports minus exports. The higher the value in this chart, the greater the resource productivity.
Source: Eurostat (2023), OECD
Recycling of municipal waste
This indicator measures the share of recycled municipal waste in total municipal waste. Recycling includes material recycling, composting and anaerobic digestion.
The chart shows the share of recycled municipal waste for the EU overall, the EU country with the biggest share (“Max of MS”) and the EU country with the smallest share (“Min of MS”).
Source: Eurostat (2023) cei_wm011
Air emission intensity: greenhouse gases (GHG)
This indicator measures the intensity of GHG emissions from economic activities. The emissions include the following gases: i) carbon dioxide without emissions from biomass (CO₂); ii) nitrous oxide (N₂O) in CO₂ equivalent; iii) methane (CH₄) in CO₂ equivalent; iv) hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) in CO₂ equivalent; v) perfluorocarbons (PFC) in CO₂ equivalent; vi) sulfur hexafluoride (SF₆) in CO₂ equivalent; and vii) nitrogen trifluoride (NF₃) in CO₂ equivalent.
Emissions are measured in grams per euro of value added. Higher values indicate that economic activities emit a higher amount of GHG per euro of value added. On the right axis, the chart also shows the percentage change between 2021 and 2023.
Source: Eurostat (2023) env_ac_aeint_r2
Air emission intensity: fine particulate matter (PM 2.5)
This indicator measures the emissions intensity of PM2.5 from the manufacturing sector. Emissions are measured in grams per EUR of value added. Higher values indicate that economic activities emit a higher amount of PM2.5 per EUR of value added.
Source: Eurostat (2022) env_ac_aeint_r2
Eco-innovation index
This chart shows the Eco-innovation index. “Eco-innovation” is any innovation that contributes to sustainable development by reducing environmental impacts, increasing resilience to environmental pressures and using natural resources more efficiently and responsibly. The index ranges from 0 to 100. On the right axis, the chart also shows the percentage change since 2020.
Source: European Environment Agency (2024)