Employment rate
This indicator shows the trends in employment rates of people aged 20-64 in the EU, UK, US and Japan.
Sources: EU: Eurostat (2024) lfsi_emp_a, / US, UK, Japan: OECD
Employment growth
This indicator shows the annual percentage growth in total persons employed for the EU, UK, US and Japan.
Source: AMECO (2025) AMECO code
Employment by size of business
This indicator measures the total number of people employed. Data are provided by business size (0-9 employees, 10-49, 50-249, 250+).
Source: Eurostat sbs_sc_ovw (2023), JRC.
Employment by gender
This indicator shows the employment rate of the working-age population (20-64 years) by gender. Click the buttons at the bottom of the chart to view the statistics for the entire population by gender, or how the employment gap between the genders is evolving.
Source: Eurostat (2024) lfsi_emp_a
Adult participation in education and training
This indicator measures the share of adults (aged 25-64) that have taken part in an organised learning activity in the 12 months before the survey. These learning activities can encompass formal and non-formal education and training (excluding guided on-the-job training) in institutions or companies and training purchased on the market or provided by local authorities or other bodies.
Source: Eurostat (2022) trng_aes_100
Test scores for 15-year-olds (PISA)
This chart shows the PISA scores of 15-year-olds in mathematics, reading and science in 2022, 2018 and 2015. EU data consist of the average scores of the 27 EU countries, weighted by the number of 15-year-olds enrolled in education. EU students' results are here compared to the results of students in UK, US, Japan and China (Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang).
Source: OECD PISA database (2022)
Labour shortages for the green transition
This indicator shows the number of occupations requiring specific skills or knowledge for the green transition where at least five Member States reported a shortage. Such occupations include plumbers and pipe fitters , insulation workers, civil engineers and air conditioning and refrigeration mechanics, civil engineering technicians and roofers. They require technical and manual expertise essential to the green transition.
Source: European Commission (2024)
Precarious employment
This indicator shows the share of workers in the EU employed under precarious conditions, meaning that their job contract does not exceed 3 months duration.
Source: Eurostat (2024) lfsa_qoe_4ax1r2
Health and safety at work
The chart on the left shows the percentage of the active population employed or previously employed who are affected by accidents at work. It shows the EU average and the figures for the EU countries with the smallest (min) and the largest (max) values.
The chart on the right shows the percentage of the active population employed or previously employed who are affected by work-related health problems. It shows the EU average and the figures for the EU countries with the smallest (min) and the largest (max) values.
Source: Eurostat (2020). Accident at work: hsw_ac1; Work-related health problems: hsw_pb1.